Negotiations in progress

Canada is moving forward with Indigenous partners to advance Indigenous rights through negotiations across Canada.

On this page

Moving forward together to co-develop shared solutions

Canada is working with Indigenous partners to advance reconciliation, dismantle a colonial legacy of racism, broken promises and denial of rights and build renewed and transformed relationships together.

The Government of Canada believes that negotiations and collaborative dialogue are the best ways to resolve outstanding issues and co-develop shared solutions that work for and benefit everyone.

Negotiated agreements strengthen relationships and resolve disputes in a balanced way that respects the rights of Indigenous Peoples and all Canadians. These co-developed agreements can also be a key path to economic growth, creating new investment opportunities for the benefit of communities today as well as future generations.

Negotiations are taking place with Indigenous partners across the country to co-develop shared solutions to address the past, recognize and implement Indigenous rights and support their visions of self-determination and a better future for their communities.

Land-related discussions

Canada is working with Indigenous partners to address many outstanding issues through negotiations. Land-related issues (sometimes referred to as land claims) are part of this broader work. These issues are addressed in different ways, which can include:

  • working with Indigenous partners to co-develop forward-looking agreements that advance Indigenous rights and self-determination
  • working with First Nations to resolve their specific claims relating to past wrongs

Advancing Indigenous rights and self-determination

Treaty and Aboriginal rights (often referred to as Indigenous rights in the modern context) are recognized and affirmed by Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982. The rights of Indigenous peoples are also a central focus of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples , which Canada is working to implement in partnership with Indigenous Peoples.

Through negotiations, the Government of Canada and Indigenous partners are working together to co-develop flexible, rights-based agreements that advance Indigenous rights and self-determination and support the renewal of Crown-Indigenous relationships. These discussions can cover many topics, and are driven by the priorities of the Indigenous group to address their unique rights, interests and needs.

The Government of Canada is engaged in discussions with Indigenous groups at over 186 negotiation and discussion tables across the country to co-develop shared solutions that advance the implementation of Indigenous rights and self-determination. These discussions represent more than 500 Indigenous communities, with a total population of over 1 million people.

About rights-based negotiations

Rights-based negotiations are community-driven and respond to the unique rights, needs, and interests of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis. Rights-based discussion tables are intended to advance the implementation of Section 35 rights in Canada. Their focus includes:

  • moving away from the Indian Act
  • advancing self-determination for Indigenous Peoples
  • the reconciliation of Section 35 rights

It is essential that self-determination be at the core of the discussion tables. This may involve:

  • co-developing new ways to recognize and implement rights and title in agreements
  • building stepping stone agreements
  • exploring ways to advance treaty rights and interests
  • finding common ground to settle litigation outside of the courts
  • using existing tools that are available government-wide to help address the unique needs of each group
  • renewing the treaty relationship

The process for moving forward is co-developed by the parties. Under the agreed-upon process, the parties work to find common ground for moving ahead in partnership toward a shared and balanced solution.

The priorities identified by Indigenous groups are the starting point for discussion. Talks can focus on 1 priority area or cover many issues. These discussion tables are open to all rights-bearing Indigenous groups to explore longstanding issues that may fall outside the scope of other federal policies.

The goal of these discussions is to co-develop agreements that:

  • respond to the unique priorities of individual Indigenous groups
  • recognize and implement their rights
  • advance their visions of self-determination for the benefit of their communities

Canada looks forward to advancing this important work in the spirit of respect, co-operation and partnership.

Evolution of Canada's approaches to rights-based negotiations

Historically, the federal Comprehensive Land Claims Policy and Inherent Right Policy were the main negotiation processes for addressing outstanding issues relating to Aboriginal rights and title through treaty making and for developing self-government agreements with Indigenous groups. More recently, Canada has moved away from both of these policies through its negotiation practices.

Since 2015, Canada has been working with many of its negotiating partners to explore new approaches and ways to reach agreements through Recognition of Indigenous Rights and Self-Determination discussions.

In 2019, the Recognition and Reconciliation of Rights Policy for Treaty Negotiations in British Columbia was co-developed by the Governments of Canada and British Columbia, and the First Nations Summit. It is founded on section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The new Policy formally replaces the Comprehensive Land Claims and Inherent Right policies for treaty negotiations in British Columbia. Where there is interest, Canada is ready to discuss using the approaches found in this new policy with negotiation partners elsewhere in the country.

Since 2016, Canada and representatives from 25 Self-governing Indigenous Governments have worked together to co-develop Canada's Collaborative Self Government Fiscal Policy. Introduced in August 2019, this policy addresses the fiscal relationship between Canada and Self-governing Indigenous Governments.

Co-development with Modern Treaty partners and Self-Governing Nations on the Collaborative Self-Government Fiscal Policy is continuing as part of the work to implement Canada's United Nation Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples' Action Plan.

As one of its 181 measures, the action plan includes a commitment to issue a public statement outlining Canada's approach to rights-based negotiations, to replace the Comprehensive Land Claims and Inherent Right policies. This is a commitment to future work that will be shaped through discussions with Indigenous partners.

Canada recognizes that federal policies and approaches will continue to evolve over time and looks forward to working with Indigenous communities to co-develop agreements that work for and benefit the parties.

List of negotiation tables by region

The list below includes Indigenous groups currently engaged at negotiation and discussion tables with Canada to advance Indigenous rights and self-determination. While discussions are confidential, key facts and links are provided for negotiation and discussion tables that have been jointly announced or made public by the parties.

British Columbia Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Ontario Quebec Atlantic Nunavut Northwest Territories Yukon

British Columbia

The list below includes information on:

  • First Nations in British Columbia who are pursuing rights-based discussions with Canada outside of the BC treaty process
  • First Nations who are negotiating treaties under the BC Treaty process

The British Columbia Treaty Commission is an independent body that was created in 1993 to be "the keeper of the process" of treaty negotiations in the province. As part of its mandate, the Commission acts as a source of public information on treaty negotiations in the province.

Ahousaht First Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Allied Tribes of Lax Kw'alaams
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Lax Kw'alaams

For negotiation status, consult Allied Tribes of Lax Kw'alaams.

Carrier Sekani First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Nak'azdli Whut'en, Saikuz
  • Takla Nation
  • Tl'azt'en Nation
  • Ts'il Kaz Koh First Nation (Burns Lake Band)
Key milestones

Council of the Haida Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Old Massett Village Council
  • Skidegate

For negotiation status, consult Council of the Haida Nation.

Ditidaht First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Ditidaht

For negotiation status, consult Ditidaht First Nation.

Esquimalt

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Gitanyow Hereditary Chiefs
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Gitanyow

For negotiation status, consult Gitanyow Hereditary Chiefs.

Gitxaała Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Gitxaała Nation

For negotiation status, consult Gitxaała Nation.

Gitxsan Hereditary Chiefs
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Gitxsan

For negotiation status, consult Gitxsan Hereditary Chiefs.

Gwa'sala-'Nakwaxda'xw Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Gwa'sala-Nakwaxda'xw

For negotiation status, consult Gwa'sala-'Nakwaxda'xw Nations.

Heiltsuk Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Heiltsuk Nation
Key milestones

Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Cowichan
  • Halalt
  • Lyackson
  • Penelakut Tribe
  • Ts'uubaa-asatx

For negotiation status, consult Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group.

Katzie First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Katzie

For negotiation status, consult Katzie First Nation.

Klahoose First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Klahoose First Nation

For negotiation status, consult Klahoose First Nation.

K'ómoks First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • K'ómoks First Nation

For negotiation status, consult K'ómoks First Nation.

Kwakiutl

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Lake Babine Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Lake Babine Nation
Key milestones

Métis Nation of British Columbia
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Métis Nation of British Columbia
Key milestones

Musqueam Indian Band

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

'Namgis First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • 'Namgis First Nation
Key milestones

Northern Shuswap Tribal Council (Northern Secwepemc te Qelmucw (NSTQ))
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Canim Lake
  • Stswecem'c Xget'tem First Nation
  • Williams Lake First Nation
  • Xatsull First Nation

For negotiation status, consult Northern Shuswap Tribal Council.

Pacheedaht First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Pacheedaht First Nation

For negotiation status, consult Pacheedaht First Nation.

Penticton Indian Band

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Samahquam and Skatin First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Samahquam
  • Skatin

For negotiation status, consult Samahquam and Skatin First Nations.

Shuswap Band

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Snuneymuxw First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Snuneymuxw First Nation
Key milestones

For negotiation status, consult Snuneymuxw First Nation.

Southern Dakelh Nation Alliance
Key milestones

Squamish Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Stó:lō Xwexwilmexw Government
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Aitchelitz
  • Leq'á:mel First Nation
  • Skawahlook First Nation
  • Skowkale
  • Tzeachten
  • Yakweakwioose

For negotiation status, consult Stó:lō Xwexwilmexw Government.

Sts'ailes

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Taku River Tlingit First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
  • The parties signed a Memorandum of Understanding on December 10, 2018.

For negotiation status, consult the BC Treaty Commission page for Taku River Tlingit First Nation.

Te'mexw Treaty Association
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Beecher Bay
  • Malahat Nation
  • Nanoose First Nation
  • Songhees Nation
  • T'sou-ke First Nation

For negotiation status, consult Te'mexw Treaty Association.

Tiyt Tribe First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Chawathil
  • Peters
  • Seabird Island
  • Shxw'ōwhámel
  • Yale
Key milestones

Tla-o-qui-aht First Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Tlowitsis Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Tlowitsis Tribe

For negotiation status, consult Tlowitsis Nation.

Tsartlip First Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Tsay Keh Dene Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Tsay Keh Dene

For negotiation status, consult Tsay Keh Dene Nation.

Tŝilhqot'in Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Tl'etinqox (Anaham)
  • Tsi Del Del (Alexis Creek/Redstone)
  • Yunesit'in Government (Stone)
  • ?Esdilagh (Alexandria)
  • Xeni Gwet'in First Nations Government (Nemiah)
  • Tl'esqox (Toosey Band)
Key milestones

Tseshaht First Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Tsimshian First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Kitselas
  • Kitsumkalum
  • Metlakatla
  • Gitga'at
  • Kitasoo/Xaixais

For negotiation status, consult Tsimshian First Nations.

Tsleil-Waututh Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Tsleil-Waututh
Key milestones

Wei Wai Kum Kwiakah
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Campbell River
  • Kwiakah

For negotiation status, consult Wei Wai Kum Kwiakah.

We Wai Kai Treaty Society
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Cape Mudge

For negotiation status, consult We Wai Kai Treaty Society.

Westbank First Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

West Moberly First Nations

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Wet'suwet'en Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Wellness Table: Wet'suwet'en Hereditary Chiefs, Witset First Nation, and Hagwilget Village Council
  • Rights and Title Table: Wet'suwet'en Hereditary Chiefs
Key milestones

WSÁNEĆ Leadership Council
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Tsartlip First Nation
  • Tseycum First Nation
Key milestones

Wuikinuxv Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Wuikinuxv Nation

For negotiation status, consult Wuikinuxv Nation.

Yekooche Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Yekooche First Nation

For negotiation status, consult Yekooche Nation.

Alberta

Blood Tribe
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Métis Nation of Alberta
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Métis Settlements General Council
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Métis Settlements General Council
Key milestones

Mikisew Cree First Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Sawridge/Kapawe'no First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Sawridge First Nation
  • Kapawe'no First Nation
Key milestones

Siksika Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Siksika Nation
Key milestones in claim negotiations
Key milestones in talks on rights and self-determination

Stoney Nakota (Chiniki First Nation, Bearspaw First Nation and Wesley First Nation)

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Treaty #6 First Nations

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Treaty #8 First Nations

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Saskatchewan

Athabasca Denesųłiné
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Black Lake First Nation
  • Fond du Lac First Nation
  • Hatchet Lake First Nation
Key milestones
  • On May 26, 2004, Canada, the Athabasca Denesųłiné and the Government of the Northwest Territories signed an Interim Measures Agreement (PDF) on consultation to advance negotiations.
  • On December 21, 2000, Canada and the Athabasca Denesųłiné signed a Memorandum of Understanding on harvesting rights and related matters in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.

For negotiation status and more information, consult Protecting Nuhenéné.

Meadow Lake Tribal Council
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Birch Narrows First Nation
  • Buffalo Rover Dene Nation
  • Canoe lake Cree First Nation
  • Clearwater River Dene, English River First Nation
  • Flying Dust First Nation
  • Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation
  • Ministikwan Lake Cree Nation
  • Waterhen Lake
  • Meadow Lake Tribal Council
Key milestones
  • In April 2018, the parties established a Recognition of Indigenous Rights and Self-determination discussion table.

For more information about the negotiations, consult About Our Self-Determination Initiative.

Métis Nation-Saskatchewan
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

McArthur - Treaty #4 (Ocean Man, White Bear and Pheasant Rump Nakota)
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Ocean Man First Nation
  • White Bear First Nations
  • Pheasant Rump Nakota Nation
Key milestones
  • On February 23, 2022, Canada signed a Representation and Recognition Agreement with Pheasant Rump Nakota Nation.
  • On February 23, 2022, Canada also signed a Representation and Recognition Agreement with Ocean Man First Nation.
  • On May 30, 2017, the parties signed a Memorandum of Understanding.

Muskeg Lake First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Muskeg Lake First Nation
Key milestones
  • A Recognition of Indigenous Rights and Self-determination discussion table was established in early 2022.

Poundmaker Cree Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Poundmaker Cree Nation
Key milestones

Red Earth Cree Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Standing Buffalo Dakota Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Standing Buffalo Dakota Nation
Key milestones

Treaty #4 First Nations

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Treaty Education Alliance
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Cote First Nation
  • Kawacatoose First Nation
  • Pheasant Rump Nakota First Nation
  • White Bear First Nations
Key milestones
  • On May 19, 2022, the parties signed a Memorandum of Understanding to Advance Reconciliation.

To learn more, consult Treaty Education Alliance.

Wahpeton Dakota Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Wahpeton Dakota Nation
Key milestones

Whitecap Dakota Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Wood Mountain Lakota First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Wood Mountain Lakota First Nation
Key milestones

Manitoba

Birdtail Sioux Dakota Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Birdtail Sioux Dakota Nation
Key milestones

Canupawakpa Dakota Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Canupawakpa Dakota Nation
Key milestones

Dakota Plains Wahpeton First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Dakota Plains Wahpeton First Nation
Key milestones

Dakota Tipi First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Dakota Tipi
Key milestones

Fisher River Cree Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Fox Lake Cree Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Fox Lake Cree Nation
Key milestones

Ghotelnene K'odtįneh Dene
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Northlands Denesuline First Nation
  • Sayisi Dene First Nation
Key milestones
  • On August 5, 2004, Canada, Ghotelnene K'odtįneh Dene (formerly the Manitoba Denesuline) and the Government of the Northwest Territories signed an Interim Measures Agreement on consultation to advance negotiations.
  • On July 12, 1999, Canada and Ghotelnene K'odtįneh Dene (formerly the Manitoba Denesuline) signed a Memorandum of Understanding regarding land and harvesting rights of Ghotelnene K'odtįneh Dene in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.

Island Lake Tribal Council

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Manitoba Metis Federation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Sioux Valley Dakota Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Sioux Valley Dakota Nation
Key milestones

Treaty #2 First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • First Nations in Treaty 2 Territory
Key milestones

Treaty #5 and Treaty #5 Adhesions First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Treaty #5 First Nations
Key milestones

Ontario

Algonquins of Ontario
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Algonquins of Pikwakanagan First Nation
  • The communities of Antoine, Bancroft, Bonnechere, Greater Golden Lake, Mattawa/North Bay, Ottawa, Shabot Obaadjiwan, Snimikobi and Whitney and Area
Key milestones
Learn more

Anishinabek Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Anishinabek First Nations in Ontario
Key milestones

Biigtigong Nishnaabeg
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Biigtigong Nishnaabeg
Key milestones
  • In June 2019, negotiations commenced between Canada, Ontario, and the First Nation and are ongoing.
  • In December 2016, an Exploratory Discussions table was established between Canada, Ontario and the First Nation.

Biinjitwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Biinjitwaabik Zaaging Anishinaabek
Key milestones
  • In June 2021, negotiations commenced between Canada, Ontario, and the First Nation and are ongoing.
  • In December 2016, an Exploratory Discussions table was established between Canada, Ontario, and the First Nation.

Bingwi Neyaashi Anishinaabek
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Bingwi Neyaashi Anishinaabek
Key milestones
  • In June 2021, negotiations commenced between Canada, Ontario, and the First Nation and are ongoing.
  • In December 2016, an Exploratory Discussions table was established between Canada, Ontario, and the First Nation.

Grand Council Treaty #3

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Kiashke Zaaging Anishinaabek
Key milestones
  • Exploratory discussions are currently being held by Canada, Ontario, and the First Nation.

Long Lake No. 58 First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Long Lake No. 58 First Nation
Key milestones
  • In June 2019, negotiations commenced between Canada, Ontario, and the First Nation and are ongoing.
  • In December 2016, an Exploratory Discussions table was established between Canada, Ontario, and the First Nation.

Métis Nation of Ontario
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation
Key milestones

Mohawks of Akwesasne
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Mohawks Council of Akwesasne
Key milestones
  • On November 4, 2013, the parties signed two Agreements-in-Principle: one on governance and the other focused on lands, estates and education.
  • In 2005: the parties signed a Process and Schedule Agreement that set out a process for self-government negotiations.
  • A 5 year Political Protocol Agreement was first signed by the parties in 1999. The protocol commits the Government of Canada to discuss and seek policy-based solutions on a number of identified priorities. The most recent renewal was signed on May 30, 2012 and has a term of 10 years.

Netmizaaggamig Nishnaabeg

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Nishnawbe Aski Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Pays Plat

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Robinson-Huron Treaty First Nations

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Temagami First Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

United Chiefs and Councils of Mnidoo Mnising
Participating Indigenous communities
  • United Chiefs and Councils of Mnidoo Mnising representing:
    • Aundeck Omni Kaning
    • M'Chigeeng
    • Sheguiandah
    • Sheshegwaning
    • Zhiibaahaasing First Nations
Key milestones

Walpole Island

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Wiikwemkoong

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Williams Treaties First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Williams Treaties First Nations:
    • Alderville First Nation
    • Beausoleil First Nation
    • Chippewas of Georgina Island
    • Chippewas of Rama
    • Curve Lake First Nation
    • Hiawatha First Nation
    • Mississaugas of Scugog Island
Key milestones

Quebec

Conseil des Atikamekw de Wemotaci
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Conseil des Atikamekw de Wemotaci
Key milestones
  • The Conseil des Atikamekw de Wemotaci self-government discussion process was established on December 3, 2021.

Conseil de la Nation Atikamekw
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Conseil des Atikamekw de Manawan
  • Conseil des Atikamekw d'Opitciwan
Key milestones
  • Since 1994, the Conseil de la Nation Atikamekw, the Government of Quebec and the Government of Canada have been negotiating a self-government and territorial agreement-in-principle with the Atikamekw Nation.
Learn more

Nation huronne-wendat (Wendake)
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
  • The discussion process on rights recognition and self-determination was launched on January 9, 2017.

Kitcisakik First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Communauté Anicinape de Kitcisakik
Key milestones
  • The Canada-First Nation Recognition of Indigenous Rights and Self-Determination (RIRSD) table was created in July 2019.

Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Long Point First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Long Point First Nation
Key milestones
  • On August 12, 2021, the parties signed a Memorandum of Understanding on reconciliation.

Makivik Corporation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Listuguj Mi'gmaq Government (LMG)
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation
Key milestones

Mi'gmawei Mawio'mi Secretariat
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Mi'gmaq of the Gaspé region of Quebec:
    • Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation
    • La Nation Micmac de Gespeg
    • Micmacs of Gesgapegiag
Key milestones

Mohawk Council of Kahnawà:ke
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Mohawk Council of Kahnawà:ke
Key milestones
  • In March 2022, discussions between the Government of Canada and Kahnawà:ke restarted after a hold in discussions since June 2021.
  • In May 2022, Minister Miller appointed a Ministerial Special Representative for the Kahnawà:ke-Canada Relationship and Seigneury of Sault St Louis grievance tables.

Mohawks of Kanehsatàke
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
  • On August 13, 2019, the parties signed a Memorandum of Understanding on advancing reconciliation.

Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Regroupement Petapan Inc. (Quebec Innu)
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Wolastoqiyik Wahsipekuk (formerly Maliseet of Viger)
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Atlantic

Elsipogtog First Nation (as represented by Kopit Lodge)
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Innu of Labrador
Province
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
Learn more

Mi'gmaq of New Brunswick (as represented by Mi'gmawe'l Tplu'taqnn Inc.)
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Buctouche MicMac
  • Eel River Bar First Nation
  • Esgenoopetitj First Nation
  • Fort Folly
  • Indian Island
  • Metepenagiag Mi'kmaq Nation
  • Natoaganeg
  • Pabineau First Nation
Key milestones
  • In 2014, the parties signed an Interim Consultation Protocol.
  • In 2017, the parties signed an Framework Agreement on rights recognition and self-government negotiations.
Learn more

Mi'kmaq of Nova Scotia (Kwilmu'kw Maw-klusuaqn)
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Acadia First Nation
  • Annapolis Valley First Nation
  • Bear River First Nation
  • Eskasoni First Nation
  • Glooscap First Nation
  • Paq'tnkek Mi'kmaw Nation
  • Pictou Landing First Nation
  • Potlotek First Nation
  • Wagmatcook First Nation
  • We'koqma'q First Nation
Key milestones
Learn more

Mi'kmaq of Nova Scotia: Social Governance (Ta'n Etli-tpi'tmk Association)
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Acadia First Nation
  • Annapolis Valley First Nation
  • Bear River First Nation
  • Eskasoni First Nation
  • Glooscap First Nation
  • Membertou First Nation
  • Millbrook First Nation
  • Paq'tnkek Mi'kmaw Nation
  • Potlotek First Nation
  • Pictou Landing First Nation
  • Sipekne'katik First Nation
  • Wagmatcook First Nation
  • We'koqma'q First Nation
Key milestones
  • The recognition of Indigenous Rights and Self-Determination discussion table was established in November 2021.

Mi'kmaq of Prince Edward Island (L'nuey)
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Abegweit First Nation
  • Lennox Island First Nation
Key milestones
Learn more

NunatuKavut Community Council
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

Peskotomuhkati
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
  • In 2019, the Peskotomuhkati Nation at Skutik, the Government of New Brunswick and the Government of Canada signed a Framework Agreement to position the parties to work towards a final agreement, and to advance the Peskotomuhkati's rights and interests.
  • In 2018, as part of reconciliation process, the Government of Canada and Peskotomuhkati Nation announced the acquisition of lands at Camp Chiputneticook and a collection of artifacts of cultural significance for the Nation.

Sipekne'katik First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
  • The Recognition of Indigenous Rights and Self-Determination discussion table was established in March 2021.

Wolastoqey of New Brunswick (as represented by the Wolastoqey Nation in New Brunswick)
Participating Indigenous communities

As represented by the Wolastoqey Nation in New Brunswick:

  • Kingsclear
  • Madawaska Maliseet First Nation
  • Oromocto
  • Saint Mary's
  • Tobique
  • Woodstock
Key milestones
  • In 2019, Canada and the Wolastoqey signed a Memorandum Of Understanding outlining rights recognition and self-government negotiation parameters, subject matters, and objectives.

Nunavut

Ahiarmiut (Ahiarmiut Relocation Society)
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Ahiarmiut (Ahiarmiut Relocation Society)
Key milestones
Learn more

Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Northwest Territories

Acho Dene Koe First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
  • The Government of Canada, the Government of the Northwest Territories, and Acho Dene Koe First Nation are currently in the process of negotiating a comprehensive land claim and self-government Final Agreement.
  • On February 5, 2014 the parties signed the Agreement-in-Principle (PDF).
  • On July 14, 2008, the parties signed a Framework Agreement (PDF).
Status of negotiations

Akaitcho Dene First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities

As represented by the Akaitcho Territory Government:

  • Yellowknives Dene First Nation located in Dettah and Ndilo
  • Lutsel K'e First Nation located in Lutselk'e
  • Deninu K'ue First Nation located in Fort Resolution
Key milestones
  • The Government of Canada, the Government of the Northwest Territories, and the Akaitcho Dene First Nations are currently in the process of negotiating an Agreement-In-Principle on land, resources and self-government.
  • In November of 2005, the Government of the Northwest Territories Akaitcho Dene First Nations concluded an Interim Land Withdrawal Protocol.
  • On November 2, 2006, the Government of Northwest Territories and Akaitcho Dene First Nations reached an agreement on the interim land withdrawal of 1,034 hectares of Commissioner's land in the City of Yellowknife.
  • On November 21, 2007, the Government of Canada and Akaitcho Dene First Nations reached an agreement on the interim land withdrawal of 62,000 km2 of Federal Crown land with the Akaitcho Dene First Nation's asserted traditional territory.
  • On June 28, 2001, an Interim Measures Agreement (PDF) was signed which provides for a pre-screening process that allowed the Akaitcho Dene First Nations the opportunity to review applications for certain licenses, permits and dispositions of land.
  • On July 25, 2000, the parties signed a Framework Agreement (PDF) that sets the parameters for the negotiations on the Agreement-In-Principle and Final Agreement.

For negotiation status, consult Akaitcho Dene First Nations.

Colville Lake - Sahtu Dene & Metis
Province or region
  • Northwest Territories, Sahtu Region
Name of group
  • Behdzi Ahda First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Behdzi Ahda First Nation
  • Ayoni Keh Land Corporation
Key milestones

For negotiation status, consult Colville Lake - Sahtu Dene & Metis.

Deh Cho Process
Name of group
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Deh Gáh Got'îê First Nation
  • Tthets'éhk'edélî First Nation
  • Ka'a'gee Tu First Nation
  • Łı́ı́dlı̨ı̨ Kų́ę́ First Nation
  • Pehdzeh Ki First Nation
  • Sambaa K'e First Nation
  • West Point First Nation (also known as the Ts'uehda First Nation)
  • Nahæâ Dehé Dene Band
  • Fort Simpson Métis
  • Fort Providence Métis Council
  • Nahanni Butte
Key milestones
  • The Government of Canada, the Government of the Northwest Territories, and the Dehcho First Nation are currently in the process of negotiating an Agreement-In-Principle.
  • On August 12, 2003, the Government of Canada, the Government of the Northwest Territories, and the Dehcho First Nation signed an Interim Land Withdrawal Agreement which allows lands to be withdrawn for development for up to 5 years while negotiations proceed towards a Final Agreement.
  • On April 17, 2003, the parties signed the Dehcho Interim Resource Development Agreement (PDF) which stems from a commitment in the Interim Measures Agreement and facilitates the economic development in the Dehcho territory through provisions around resource royalties, oil and gas exploration and mining to name a few.
  • On May 23, 2001, the parties signed the Dehcho Interim Measures Agreement which is a consultation protocol that also provides for Dehcho participation in the land, water, and resource management of the Dehcho Territory. For example, the agreement creates a land use planning committee and allows for Dehcho participation in the Mackenzie Valley Environmental Impact Review Board and the Mackenzie Valley Land & Water Board (through a Dehcho Panel).
  • On May 23, 2001, the parties signed a Framework Agreement that sets the parameters for the negotiations and approvals process of anticipated agreements, namely the Agreement-In-Principle and Final Agreement.

For negotiation status, consult Dehcho First Nations.

Fort Good Hope - Sahtu Dene and Metis
Province or region
  • Northwest Territories, Sahtu Region
Name of group
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Fort Good Hope Dene Band
  • Yamoga Land Corporation
Key milestones

For negotiation status, consult Fort Good Hope Dene Band.

Gwich'in Tribal Council
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Gwichya Gwich'in Council (Tsiigehtchic)
  • Ehdiitat Gwich'in Council (Aklavik)
  • Nihtat Gwich'in Council (Inuvik)
  • Tetl'it Gwich'in Council (Teetl'it Zheh/Fort McPherson)
Key milestones
  • In 2007, the Gwich'in Tribal Council, the Government of the Northwest Territories and the Government of Canada signed the Gwich'in Self-Government Negotiations Process and Schedule Agreement.
Learn more

Inuvialuit Regional Corporation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Aklavik
  • Inuvik
  • Paulatuk
  • Sachs Harbour
  • Tuktoyaktuk
  • Ulukhaktok
Key milestones
Learn more

Kátł'odeeche First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
  • Since 2019, the parties have been in the process of negotiating a Joint Mandate Proposal.
  • On April 29, 2019, the Government of Canada, the Government of the Northwest Territories, and the Kátł'odeeche First Nation signed a Memorandum of Understanding for the recognition and reconciliation of Kátł'odeeche Aboriginal and Treaty Rights.
  • On February 11, 2014, the Kátł'odeeche First Nation officially withdrew from the Dehcho Process negotiations.

Norman Wells
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones

For negotiation status, consult Sahtu Dene and Metis of Norman Wells.

Northwest Territory Métis Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Fort Resolution Métis Government
  • Fort Smith Métis Council
  • Hay River Métis Government Council
Key milestones
  • On May 19, 2021, Canada, the Government of the Northwest Territories and the Northwest Territory Métis Nation signed the Self-Government Framework Agreement.
  • On July 31, 2015, Canada the Government of the Northwest Territories and the Northwest Territory Métis Nation signed the Northwest Territory Métis Nation Land and Resources Agreement-in-Principle.
Learn more

Tulita

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Yukon

Carcross/Tagish First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Carcross/Tagish First Nation

For negotiation status, consult Carcross/Tagish First Nation.

Champagne & Aishihik First Nations
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Aishihik
  • Champagne

For negotiation status, consult Champagne & Aishihik First Nations.

Liard First Nation
Participating Indigenous communities
Key milestones
  • Liard First Nation and Canada signed a Memorandum of Understanding in August 2019.

For negotiation status, consult Liard First Nation.

First Nation of Nacho Nyak Dun

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Ross River Dena Council
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Ross River Dena Council

For negotiation status, consult Ross River Dena Council.

Teslin Tlingit Council
Participating Indigenous communities
  • Teslin Tlingit Council

For negotiation status, consult Teslin Tlingit Council.

White River First Nation

Key facts and links to be added as they become available.

Related links

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